THE NATIONAL ECONOMY AS A SYSTEM AND ACCOUNTING AS A TOOL OF ITS INFORMATION SUPPORT

Abstract

The article examines the national economy as a complex multi-level system that includes interrelated production, financial, and social subsystems operating under conditions of globalization, digital transformation, and increasing economic uncertainty. It is substantiated that the effectiveness of managing the national economy largely depends on the quality of its information support, where accounting plays a key role. Accounting is interpreted not only as a system for recording economic transactions but also as a fundamental instrument for generating analytical information necessary for managerial decision-making at both macroeconomic and microeconomic levels. The study emphasizes that accounting ensures the formation of reliable, timely, and relevant data that serves as a basis for evaluating economic processes, monitoring resource utilization, and supporting strategic development priorities. The main functions of accounting are identified, including informational, control, analytical, and managerial functions, which together ensure a comprehensive reflection of economic activities and contribute to the stability of the economic system. Particular attention is paid to the growing importance of digitalization in accounting, which enhances the speed, accuracy, and transparency of data processing, as well as enables the integration of accounting systems with modern information technologies and enterprise resource planning solutions. The article also highlights the significance of harmonizing national accounting standards with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), which facilitates comparability of financial information and strengthens the integration of the national economy into the global economic space. It is emphasized that in modern conditions, accounting is transforming into a strategic management tool that supports forecasting, risk assessment, and evidence-based decision-making. Strengthening the analytical and strategic functions of accounting contributes to improving the efficiency of public administration, enhancing economic transparency, and ensuring sustainable development of the national economy. The study concludes that further development of accounting as an information system is essential for increasing the adaptability and resilience of the national economy in a rapidly changing environment.