FEATURES OF PSYCHOLOGICAL REHABILITATION OF STARTER PRESCHOOL AGE CHILDREN WITH MOTOR APPARATUS DISORDERS

Abstract

Introduction. Psychological rehabilitation of senior preschool children with motor apparatus disorders is an urgent problem of modern pedagogy and psychology. Movement disorders, such as cerebral palsy, spinal curvature or other pathologies of the musculoskeletal system, significantly affect not only the physical condition of the child, but also his/her psycho-emotional development, social adaptation and quality of life in general. It is important to ensure a comprehensive approach to rehabilitation that covers both medical and psychological aspects, as psychological support helps children overcome fears, improve self-esteem and learn to interact effectively with others.One of the most significant aspects is the realization that motor system disorders significantly affect not only the child's physical condition, but also their inner, emotional world. In older preschool children, the foundations of their self-concept as an individual, their perception of the world, and their ability to interact with others are being formed.The purpose of the article is to analyse the peculiarities of psychological rehabilitation of older preschool children with motor disorders and to identify effective methods and approaches that contribute to their psychological adaptation and social integration.Scientific novelty. Motor function disorders are often accompanied by decreased self-esteem, the appearance of fears, feelings of inferiority, and difficulties in communicating with peers. In the course of writing this article, we analysed a number of key aspects related to the psychological rehabilitation of senior preschool children with motor disorders. We have identified the characteristic manifestations of low self-esteem, increased anxiety, fears associated with physical activity, and social isolation.Conclusions. The article analyses modern approaches and methods of psychological support that are successfully used in rehabilitation, in particular, play therapy, art therapy, fairy tale therapy and psychocorrectional. Particular attention is paid to the relationship between physical rehabilitation and the child's psycho-emotional state, emphasizing that improving motor skills helps to increase self-confidence and stimulates social activity. That is why psychological rehabilitation of older preschool children with motor skills disorders is a key factor in ensuring their full social adaptation and overcoming psycho-emotional difficulties. A comprehensive, individual approach, taking into account the physiological characteristics and needs of the child, can significantly increase the level of psychological comfort, stimulating a positive attitude towards themselves and the world around them. It is also important to intensify cooperation between doctors, psychologists, teachers and families, which will create favorable conditions for the harmonious development of children with motor disorders.